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There are many types of anchors. The main difference can be pointed out, by the loading mechanism. Most anchors support horizontal loadings only and are therefore not suited for taut mooring line systems. In the following the main groups of anchors are pointed out:
Dead Weight Anchor: Holding capacity generated by the weight of the material used (steel or concrete) and partly by the friction between the dead weight and the seabed.
Drag Embedment Anchor: Penetrated either partly or fully into the seabed. Holding capacity generated by the resistance of the soil in the front of the anchor.
Pile Anchor: Hollow steel pipe installed into the seabed by piling hammer or vibration. Holding capacity is generated by the friction of the soil along the pile and lateral soil resistance.
Suction Anchor: Hollow steel pile sucked into the seabed by artificial pressure differences. Holding capacity generated by friction of the soil and lateral soil resistance.
Vertical Load Anchor: Installed like conventional Drag Embedment Anchor, but penetrates much deeper in installation mode. Being switched to loading mode, both horizontal and vertical loads will be resisted.
A more detailed description of all the anchor types and an anchor selection tool can be found at [www.offshoreengineering.org] |
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