Further readings

• • • A number of articles on nanotechnology and safe-by-design can be found here: https://link.springer.com/journal/11569/11/3/page/1
    • Robaey, 2019:  Dealing with risks of biotechnology understanding the potential of Safe-by-Design;
    • Guldenmund, 2017: Understanding and exploring Safety
    • Brochure Safe-by-Design.

Recap: 

Safety is one of  key values. That is why it is such an important components of RRI.  But often we don’t know the risks of new technologies.  This is also the essence of the famous Collingridge dilemma:

• Impacts cannot be easily predicted until the technology is extensively developed and widely used.
• Control or change is difficult when the technology has become entrenched.

In other words, technology develops faster than society and policy makers can keep up with it.  This is why a Safe-by-Design approach is so important.

Remember: there is also a clear match between safety and culture. This is also a matter of a long-term approach and reflection on responsibilities.