• Time-reversal symmetry and fermion parity pumps

  • Introduction to Time-reversal symmetry and fermion parity pumps
  • Adding symmetry to a topological insulator
  • A perfectly transmitted channel and Kramers degeneracy
  • Helical edge states are Kramers pairs
  • The quantum spin Hall effect
  • A model for the quantum spin Hall insulator
  • Alternative point of view: fermion parity pump
  • Pumping expression for the topological invariant
  • A simplification: inversion symmetry
  • Summary: Time-reversal symmetry and fermion parity pumps

• Experimental progress and candidate materials 1

  • Introduction to Experimental progress and candidate materials
  • Two limits: Mexican hat and weak pairing
  • Quantized conductance and length dependence
  • Landau levels
  • Localization of the edge states by magnetic field
  • Summary: Experimental progress and candidate materials