If mining is related to so many insecurities and problems: could we instead cover our need for critical raw materials with recycling? To what extent could secondary supply replace primary supply? Professor Ester Van der Voet from Leiden University discusses the potential of a circular economy as an answer to the increasing demand for raw materials.

In the first part, you will learn about the potentials of secondary supply and get an introduction into the concept of urban mining from Ester.