In module 5 we focus on housing owned and occupied by private individuals, and rental housing owned by private, public or not-for-profit landlords. In many countries, these main-stream housing tenures are supplemented by new forms of collaborative housing developments and housing management with a more prominent role for residents, such as housing cooperatives, and co-housing initiatives. Collaboration is often also needed to make investments in sustainable housing feasible, for example through Energy Service Company (ESCO) or Energy cooperatives.

If you’re interested, please read the introduction of (or full article by) Czischke (2017) below, to get a better overview of how residents develop and manage their own housing through collaborative processes:

• Czischke, D. (2017) Collaborative housing and housing providers: towards an analytical framework of multi-stakeholder collaboration in housing co-production, International Journal of Housing Policy, DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2017.1331593/ 

If you’re interested, please read the introduction and conclusion of Schut, Crielaard, & Mesman (2016), if you want to deepen your understanding of the implications of the circular economy for the built environment and the construction sector:

• Schut, E., Crielaard, M. & Mesman, M. (2016) What is circular economy and what does it mean for the construction sector?, in: Circular economy in the Dutch construction sector: A perspective for the market and government, pp. 15-26, RIVM rapport 2016-0024