Important announcement

Dear visitor,

Please note that this OpenCourseWare platform will be replaced at the end of 2026 by a new platform (under the same url ocw.tudelft.nl).

Courses and their contents that are currently available the platform will partly be migrated. URL’s for this content will change and content might be unavailable for some time. In addition, some courses will not be available anymore.

If you are linking to specific courses on this platform (for instance for your students), please take timely measures to avoid problems with access. Possible actions are:

  • Download the materials to your local platform (laptop, server)
  • For educators only (including TU Delft lecturers): Contact us at ocw@tudelft.nl and inform us what course you are using in what context (institute, program, period of use, number of students). We will research (in collaboration with the authors of the course) and decide if we will migrate the course, and if yes, can supply you with a new url.

Thank you.

This lecture focuses on a very common measurement problem: the measurement of a small differential signal in the presence of a much larger, undesired common-mode signal. This problem is introduced in context of the Wheatstone bridge, which is used for the readout of resistive sensors. To amplify differential voltages, the difference amplifier and the three-opamp instrumentation amplifier are introduced. Their ability to reject common-mode input signals is discussed and quantified in terms of the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR).

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